Mathematics & AI

ISSN: 0000-0000 · EN

Mathematics & AI is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal at the intersection of mathematics and artificial intelligence. The journal publishes original research in mathematical foundations of AI, machine learning theory, optimization, statistical learning, neural network analysis, computational mat...

OLORA+: A HYBRID APPROACH TO PARAMETER- EFFICIENT FINE-TUNING OF LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS

MathAI 2026 Selected Papers Special Issue
Published: May 21, 2026 Received: April 5, 2026

Abstract

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) is essential for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) under resource constraints, yet existing methods often treat initialization and optimization as separate concerns. This paper introduces OLoRA+, a novel hybrid approach that synergistically combines the structural stability of Orthonormal Low-Rank Adaptation (OLoRA) with the accelerated convergence of LoRA+. By initializing adapter matrices via QR decomposition of pre-trained weights and applying differential learning rates to the upstream and downstream projection matrices, OLoRA+ aims to enhance both stability and feature learning speed. We evaluated the method on the LLMs models using a subset of the Alpaca instruction-following dataset. Empirical results demonstrate that OLoRA+ consistently outperforms the standard OLoRA baseline across Evaluation Loss, BLEU, and ROUGE metrics without incurring additional computational costs. Crucially important that our analysis uncovers two distinct effective learning regimes: a ”Refinement” strategy (learning rate ratio λ < 1) that optimizes the initial orthonormal basis, and an ”Exploration” strategy (λ>1) that seeks new parameter directions. These findings suggest that OLoRA+ offers a more versatile and robust framework for efficient LLM adaptation than its predecessors.

Cite this article

S.I.Kushmuratov, F.T. Adilova, R.R. Davronov OLORA+: A HYBRID APPROACH TO PARAMETER- EFFICIENT FINE-TUNING OF LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS. Mathematics & AI 2026, 1, 8. https://enigma.ist/j/mathematics-ai/1/2/8

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